本帖最後由 阿倫 於 2020-1-9 22:33 編輯
The essence of the traditional Atayal faith is elfism, centered on the existence of the spirit of faith, so they have a clear idea of the gods, elves, necroons and monsters. It is believed that Daemonism is from deceased people. In ancient times, Utux was also called the dead and the soul. The living soul is also called Utux to support the flesh. Once it leaves the body, it becomes a dead spirit. Most ethnic groups in the Atayal believe that there are two kinds of spirits, good and evil. When people die, they become spiritual ghosts. Those who are normally deceased can bless the children and grandchildren in the heavens, while those who are dead in unusual way are evil spirits and stay in the world. They make people ill or bring bad luck.
The Sachilais: Call the gods dito, the equivalent of the Ami kawas. The Sakizaya believes that all things are spiritual, supernatural power is omnipresent, and in the dito, there is also the existence of the ancestral spirit, but the location of the ancestral spirit is unpredictable. They don’t know where the exact place is. Only the priest mapalaway can communicate with the ancestral spirit. Average cannot know the location of the ancestral spirit. The born and death of the people are also affected by the ancestor spirit. The birth is because the soul is attached to the body, the woman can conceive, and there is also the existence of the soul. The figure of a person exists in the body. When people die, the figure is separated from the human body. In addition to the above-mentioned gods, there are other different gods in the Sakilai family. The Malataw ‧ Otoki is the human ancestral spirit, Olipong is the god who drives the epidemic disease, Talaman, Takonawan is the god of poverty.
Saisiyat: In addition to the supernatural beliefs, the ancestral spirits and the dwarf rituals are the most representative.
The Wizards of the Kebalan and their "Soul View"
The name of "Penglai God" should be rarely heard and understood. In an inter-ethnic large-scale meeting at the end of 2012, the author interviewed a Kebalan wizard based on curiosity and research. In the end, we can explore the origin of this "belief", and at the same time, the greatest gain is to discover the phenomenon and context of the long-standing "primitive belief" and "mainstream religion".
The female wizard, whose aboriginal name is "Aunt Sou”, is also the head of a Hualien division of "Cihuitang Golden Mother belief system". She is the " Kebalan " of Taibin Township in Taitung. Because she has a very sensitive nature since childhood, so she became a wizard in the family. However, just like the "Asian Iron Man Yang Chuanguang", it is one of the few aborigines who did not accept Christianity and Catholic baptism. Instead, they accepted the traditional Chinese Taoism, belonged to the disciple of the "Golden Mother", and was tied to the "Stone Wall Temple" of Hualien. She is the same generation as "Taiwan chief ghost media Lin Chidai". However, she does not deal with the "looking and attract ghost" business, and her specialty is "communication with souls". Therefore, it is also the owner of the "Tianlong Palace" in Changbin Township, Taitung.
(The original meaning of "Aunt Sou" means "Rain cape" and its pronunciation is similar to “Rain cape”in Chinese. I am not sure if this is just a coincidence?)
Since she has heard about my article about Chuan-Gung Yang, which describe the story how Yang became a person who is able to communicate with ghost. She also knew my book about Qiandai Lin, who is her sister. Basically, I knew the people in her system very well, and she was very happy to chat with me. She told me a lot of details of “communicating with ghost/souls”, especially the origin of her temple system...
Aunt Sou is very special in her beliefs. In the author's long-term research, based on relevant information, her believe is very complicated according to her narrative. In addition to the " Kebalan aboriginal belief, Aunt Sou also has "Anitu" original ancestral beliefs and the "Pingpu", the Taoist "Western Queen Mother" sect belief
(same as the "Golden Mother"), and the addition of "Asian original shaman" belief.
The most special one is the "Western Queen Mother“ belief and "Asian original shaman", because it is based on the textual research: China's "Western Queen Mother's Faith" was established long before the Taoism which was established during Eastern Han Dynasty. “Western Queen Mother” has also appeared in the myth of the Xia Dynasty. There was a legend that Houyi asked for immortality medicine from Western queen mother. However, all the recital, clothes for ceremony, and totems are so similar for western queen mom and Asian original shaman.
In their ancestral worship rituals, the author observed that the "Anitu", which was widely believed by the original aborigines, was more specifically carved and painted into "Penglai's ancestor", representing the oldest ancestor of Taiwan's ancestors. There were also the statues for "Golden Mother" and "Western Queen Mother's Belief". Those " shaman totems", " shaman clothes", "shaman sacred drums", etc. are obvious very similar from “Asian original shaman”. They are also similar to “Indian shaman” in America. There is a theory that Indian nationality in America were immigrated from Asian. If this theory could get confirmed more in the future, they will be able to Prove that there is a deep relationship between the two.
“Anut Sou" specially took me to see the portraits and statues of "Penglai ancestor" for the top of the table. It was originally the "Anitu" ancestors believed in the "Silaya", but it was not a statue or god. The position is mainly based on the sacrifice of pots
(such as bottles, jar, cylinders, etc.) as the symbol of the ancestral spirit, and later gradually became the "God of many aboriginal common ancestral beliefs." But there are still no figurative paintings or statues. Until recently, they were the "Kamaran ethnic group" who lived in Changbin Township, Taitung, and ethnic group near the "Yingshan" in Yangmingshan, Taipei, together engraved the "God statue of the gods", which is very characteristic of the aborigines, and named it as "the ancestor of Penglai", and the statue of the god in front of the table is from her temple, and she invite the statue to join the conference. According to her, in fact, the "Penglai ancestor" of the aboriginal traditional ancestral belief does not conflict with the Taoist beliefs, because they worship the Taoist "grand ancestors" as "the gods" and worship the "Penglai ancestors" as god of Taiwan. the integration of the two phases is more complementary, and the "Golden Mother " is the main god representing the "Western" in the Taoist faith, so they also accepted the Taoist "legal system". She also accepted the "Souls Source Worship" of Taiwan's aboriginal traditional ancestral beliefs. Therefore, when deal with all kinds of problem of these believers, she may ask different god to solve it, depend on the specific situation
When it comes to the problem of "Ghost disturb living people", she also said that because of the disorder of beliefs and excessive superstition and the prevalence of ghosts and gods, the problems have become more frequent. The way of handling is to try offering food and paper money to let the "ghost spirit" agree to leave. As for the "abduction ghost
"(Mo Shen Zai) has been less and less met or heard, this is also related to the excessive superstition of ghosts and gods. She believes the “Adduction ghost” is ancient soul. These souls are lonely and there no descendants of sacrifices, and even no normal funerals are held. Some of them were dead by accidents in the mountains. They have no idea where to go and want someone to stay with them. However, young and strong men and women are very masculine and difficult to approach and abduct. They usually take children or elderly people as objects, but they have no intention to do harm, just simply catching people for a few days, but there is nothing to feed these " kidnapee", so these “abduct ghosts” need have to find cow dung or small insects, and frogs to feed the kidnapee, who lost their own mind and think the weird thing as food.
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